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101.
白杨派杂种无性系及其亲本光合和生长对盐胁迫的反应 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
以白杨派单交和双交杂种无性系1年生扦插苗为材料,分析不同盐胁迫条件下无性系的生长及光合系统的反应,并对无性系间的差异进行比较.研究表明:盐胁迫对叶片生长、苗高生长及苗木生物量积累均产生不同程度的影响.随着盐浓度升高,各项生长指标迅速下降,但下降的幅度不同,苗木生物量积累受影响最大.茎叶生长对盐胁迫的敏感性大于根系生长,从而导致根/(茎 叶)生物量随盐胁迫的发展而升高.盐胁迫下4个无性系的净光合速率(Pn)日变化基本上都呈单峰曲线,但随胁迫加强,Pn值迅速降低.盐胁迫下,叶位从幼到老,Pn表现为单峰型变化,中部功能叶Pn值最大,嫩叶和老叶较小,盐胁迫对无性系嫩叶Pn几乎无影响,却显著降低中部功能叶和老叶的Pn值,且随着胁迫时间延长,对叶片Pn的影响加强.盐胁迫降低各无性系的叶绿素含量,且使叶绿素荧光诱导动力学曲线发生明显变化,其参数qN(荧光非光化学猝灭系数)值随盐浓度增加而上升,而qp(荧光光化学猝灭系数)、Fv/Fo(PSⅡ潜在活性)值随盐浓度增加而下降.盐胁迫对双交杂种无性系B430影响最小,单交无性系毛新杨和亲本新疆杨次之,亲本毛白杨对盐胁迫反应最敏感. 相似文献
102.
103.
余甘子丛生芽诱导和快速繁殖研究 总被引:5,自引:4,他引:5
本试验以余甘子嫩芽和嫩枝茎段为外植体 ,在 MS培养基中进行离体繁殖和培养试验。结果表明 ,添加细胞分裂素 BA对丛生芽诱导有明显促进作用 ,激素组合以 BA与 NAA为最好 ,嫩芽外植体诱导丛生芽的最适培养基为 MS BA0 .5 mg/ L NAA 0 .1mg/ L,分化率达 90 %以上 ;嫩枝茎段旅导丛生芽所需的 BA浓度相对高些 ,最适培养基为 MS BA 2 .0 mg/ L NAA 0 .1mg/ L,分化率达 5 6 .7% ,丛生芽增殖生长培养基为 MS BA 0 .1mg/ L NAA 0 .1mg/ L Na H2 PO45 0 mg/ L。生根培养基为 1/ 2MS NAA 0 .2 5 mg/ L IBA 0 .2 5 mg/ L ,生根率在 30 %左右 相似文献
104.
红千层愈伤组织诱导及植株再生 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以茎段、芽和叶片为材料,探讨了红千层愈伤组织诱导及植株再生的方法.结果表明:红千层的茎段、芽和叶片均可诱导出愈伤组织,通过继代培养可发育成绿色和粉红色2种类型的愈伤组织,其中绿色、致密的愈伤组织可以分化出不定芽;培养基1/2M S 6-BA 1.0 m g/L NAA 0.1 m g/L适宜愈伤组织不定芽的诱导,在培养基1/2M S IBA 0.25 m g/L上试管苗的生根率可达95%. 相似文献
105.
生长素对植物维管分化的信号诱导作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
植物维管系统与植物生长发育关系密切,维管组织的分化机制也因此倍受关注。生长素可诱导植物维管组织分化,它根据自身浓度的高低产生系列信号,从而通过这些信号来控制其所在部位及其周围区域维管组织的分化状况。该文重点论述了生长素在细胞间的极性运输方式及其信号转导途径、生长素对维管组织分化的信号诱导作用及其表现特征,以及生长素诱导植物维管组织分化的分子机理。 相似文献
106.
107.
Soil salinity related to physical soil characteristics and irrigation management in four Mediterranean irrigation districts 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
R. Aragüés V. UrdanozM. Çetin C. KirdaH. Daghari W. LtifiM. Lahlou A. Douaik 《Agricultural Water Management》2011,98(6):959-966
Irrigated agriculture is threatened by soil salinity in numerous arid and semiarid areas of the Mediterranean basin. The objective of this work was to quantify soil salinity through electromagnetic induction (EMI) techniques and relate it to the physical characteristics and irrigation management of four Mediterranean irrigation districts located in Morocco, Spain, Tunisia and Turkey. The volume and salinity of the main water inputs (irrigation and precipitation) and outputs (crop evapotranspiration and drainage) were measured or estimated in each district. Soil salinity (ECe) maps were obtained through electromagnetic induction surveys (ECa readings) and district-specific ECa-ECe calibrations. Gravimetric soil water content (WC) and soil saturation percentage (SP) were also measured in the soil calibration samples. The ECa-ECe calibration equations were highly significant (P < 0.001) in all districts. ECa was not significantly correlated (P > 0.1) with WC, and was only significantly correlated (P < 0.1) with soil texture (estimated by SP) in Spain. Hence, ECa mainly depended upon ECe, so that the maps developed could be used effectively to assess soil salinity and its spatial variability. The surface-weighted average ECe values were low to moderate, and ranked the districts in the order: Tunisia (3.4 dS m−1) > Morocco (2.2 dS m−1) > Spain (1.4 dS m−1) > Turkey (0.45 dS m−1). Soil salinity was mainly affected by irrigation water salinity and irrigation efficiency. Drainage water salinity at the exit of each district was mostly affected by soil salinity and irrigation efficiency, with values very high in Tunisia (9.0 dS m−1), high in Spain (4.6 dS m−1), moderate in Morocco (estimated at 2.6 dS m−1), and low in Turkey (1.4 dS m−1). Salt loads in drainage waters, calculated from their salinity (ECdw) and volume (Q), were highest in Tunisia (very high Q and very high ECdw), intermediate in Turkey (extremely high Q and low ECdw) and lowest in Spain (very low Q and high ECdw) (there were no Q data for Morocco). Reduction of these high drainage volumes through sound irrigation management would be the most efficient way to control the off-site salt-pollution caused by these Mediterranean irrigation districts. 相似文献
108.
为了对耐高温磁力泵进行设计和研究,保证磁力泵能够顺利启动和正常工作,对磁力泵中鼠笼转子异步磁力联轴器和泵的机械性能进行了对比分析.根据泵的基本性能公式,推导了泵的转矩与转速之间的关系.利用Ansoft Maxwell软件对鼠笼转子异步磁力联轴器进行有限元瞬态分析,得到转矩和转差率之间的关系,并分别对磁力联轴器的启动和正常工作两个阶段的磁场、扭矩进行了研究.通过将泵与磁力联轴器的性能进行综合分析,得出不同的磁力泵在不同转速下的扭矩、转差率等参数,并得出特定参数条件下泵与磁力联轴器的最优组合.试制出耐高温磁力泵样机进行试验验证,试验结果表明:在泵达到最高效率时,磁力泵的试验扭矩与理论分析得到的扭矩误差较小,说明磁力泵达到了最优化的设计结果,并验证了理论分析的正确性. 相似文献
109.
LI Su-juan JIN Ke-ke ZHAO Ya-ping WANG Peng ZHAO Wen-xi GAO Kai-xuan YANG Wen-juan WANG Jia-lin WU De-ping 《园艺学报》2015,31(7):1259-1265
AIM: To explore the mechanisms of fluctuant high blood glucose-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes. METHODS: SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (N), stable high blood glucose group (S), fluctuant high blood glucose group (F) and insulin group (I). Diabetic rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg), and the fluctuant high blood glucose animal model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of ordinary insulin and glucose at different time points every day. The blood glucose fluctuation patterns of the animals in F group within 12 weeks were similar every day and no significant difference of the HbA1c concentration was observed compared with S group, indicating that the fluctuant hyperglycemia was successfully established in F group. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) in the homogenate of the liver tissues were detected by colorimetry. The mRNA and protein levels of JNK, p-JNK, Bax and Bcl-2 were examined by RT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS: After 12 weeks, the increases in the intakes of food and water, the urine output, and the abnormal liver function were observed in S group, I group and F group. Compared with N group, the MDA level was increased, the content of NO and the activity of SOD and GSH-Px were decreased, and up-regulation of JNK mRNA and p-JNK and Bax proteins, and down-regulation of Bcl-2 were also found in S group, I group and F group. The above effects were more obviously showed in F group. CONCLUSION: Oxidative stress activates JNK-MAPK signaling pathway, which is involved in fluctuant high glucose-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes. 相似文献
110.
LI Su-huan WANG Yong-hong TIAN Zhan-zhuang SHI Yu-min YU Jian SUN Wen SUN Yan-yan 《园艺学报》2015,31(8):1345-1351
AIM: To explore the role of kisspeptin/GPR54 signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of precocious puberty based on female precocious puberty rat model induced by the single dose of danazol. METHODS: Female SD rats aged 3 d were randomly divided into normal group, vehicle group and model group. On the 5th day, the model rats were given a single subcutaneous injection of danazol with ethanol and ethylene glycol mixture. All rats were executed on 15 d, 25 d, 30 d, 35 d and 40 d, and the samples were collected to observe the sexual organ development. The levels of E2, FSH and LH in peripheral blood were measured by ELISA. The Kiss-1 mRNA expression of Kiss-1, GPR54 and GnRH in hypothalamus was detected by real-time PCR. The kisspeptin expression in rat hypothalamus was observed by immunofluorescence. RESULTS: The time for puberty onset and sexual maturation in the model rats was significantly earlier than that in normal group and vehicle group. On days 25 and 30, the levels of peripheral sex hormones and uterine coefficients in model group were significantly higher than those in normal group and vehicle group. On days 25 and 30, the ovarian morphological development in the model rats was significantly earlier than that in normal group. On day 25, the mRNA expression of hypothalamic Kiss-1 and GnRH, and kisspeptin expression of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus in the model rats significantly increased compared with normal group and vehicle group. On day 30, kisspeptin expression of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus in the model rats decreased compared with normal group and vehicle group. On day 35, the mRNA expression of Kiss-1 and GnRH in the model rats decreased compared with normal group and vehicle group. The mRNA expression of GPR54 had no obvious difference among all groups. CONCLUSION: The Kiss-1 mRNA and kisspeptin expression in the model rats with precocious puberty is significantly increased in the hypothalamus during onset of puberty, suggesting that kisspeptin is an initiating factor for precocious puberty. Kisspeptin/GPR54 signaling pathway may play an important role in the occurrence of precocious puberty. 相似文献